《全球氢能回顾2021》-IEA
《全球氢能回顾2021》-IEAExecutive Summary
After several false starts, a new beginning around the
up to 54 GW by 2030.Another 40 projects accounting for more than
corner
35 GW of capacity are in early stages of development. lf all thoseprojects are realised, global hydrogen supply from electrolysers could
The time is ripe to tap into hydrogen's potential contribution to a
reach more than 8 Mt by 2030.While significant, this is still well below
sustainable energy system. In 2019, at the time of the release of
the 80 Mt required by that year in the pathway to net zero cO2
the lEA's landmark report The Future of Hydrogen for the G20,
only France，Japan and Korea had strategies for the use of
emissions by 2050 set out in the lEA Roadmap for the Global Energy
hydrogen. Today,17governments have released hydrogen
Sector.
strategies,more than 20 governments have publicly announced
Europe is leading electrolyser capacity deployment,with 40%of
they are working to develop strategies, and numerous companies
global installed capacity, and is set to remain the largest market in
are seeking to tap into hydrogen business opportunities. Such
the near term on the back of the ambitious hydrogen strategies of the
efforts are timely: hydrogen will be needed for an energy system
European Union and the United Kingdom. Australia's plans suggest
with net zero emissions. In the IEA's Net Zero by 2050:A
it could catch up with Europe in a few years; Latin America and the
Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector, hydrogen use extends to
Middle East are expected to deploy large amounts of capacity as well,
several parts of the energy sector and grows sixfold from today's
in particular for export. The People's Republic of China (China")
levels tomeet 10%oftotal final energy consumption by
made a slow start, but its number of project announcements is
2050.This is all supplied from low-carbon sources.
growing fast, and the United States is stepping up ambitions with itsrecently announced Hydrogen Earthshot.
Hydrogen supplies are becoming cleaner ... too slowly
Sixteen projects for producing hydrogen from fossil fuels with carbon
Hydrogen demand stood at 90 Mt in 2020,practically all for
capture，utilisation and storage (ccus) are operational today,
refining andindustrialapplications andproducedalmost
producing 0.7 Mt of hydrogen annually.Another 50 projects are under
exclusively from fossil fuels,resulting in close to 900 Mt of CO2
development and, if realised,could increase the annual hydrogen
emissions. But there are encouraging signs of progress. Global
production to more than 9 Mt by 2030.Canada and the United States
capacity of electrolysers,which are needed to produce hydrogen
lead in the production of hydrogen from fossil fuels with CCus, with
from electricity, doubled over the last five years to reach just over
more than 80% of global capacity production, although the United
300 Mw by mid-2021. Around350 projects currently under
development could bring global capacity
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